DOPA
Full Name: 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate (sodium salt)
CAS No.: 108392-02-5
Key Properties
- An anionic phospholipid with two unsaturated oleic acid (C18:1) chains and a negatively charged phosphate head group.
- Negatively charged under physiological pH, allowing strong electrostatic binding with cationic lipids, polymers, and proteins.
- Exhibits good membrane fluidity and fusogenic properties due to unsaturated lipid tails.
- Improves structural stability of lipid bilayers and promotes endosomal escape in delivery systems.
- Biocompatible and low in cytotoxicity.
- Practically insoluble in water but soluble in chloroform, methanol, ethanol, and DMSO.
- Typically appears as a colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid or gel.
- Requires storage at −20 °C, protected from light and oxidation.
Applications
- Widely used as an anionic helper lipid in liposomes and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for nucleic acid delivery.
- Enhances encapsulation efficiency of negatively charged DNA, mRNA, and siRNA in cationic lipid formulations.
- Promotes membrane fusion and endosomal escape to improve intracellular delivery efficiency.
- Used in vaccine carriers, gene delivery systems, and non-viral gene therapy vectors.
- Serves as a model anionic lipid in biomembrane studies and liposome characterization.
- Applied in pH-sensitive liposome systems and targeted drug delivery platforms.
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