Fluorescent probes, or fluorophores, are compounds that absorb light at a given wavelength and emit light at a higher wavelength, producing fluorescence. These dyes can be grouped into categories, such as organic dyes (e.g., fluorescein, rhodamine, AMCA), biological fluorophores (e.g., green fluorescent protein, phycoerythrin, allophycocyanin), and quantum dots. They are often used in the fluorescent labeling of biomolecules. They are smaller and more photostable than fluorescent proteins.
Fluorescence is safe to use and does not require radiological controls. Several fluorophores can be used simultaneously when they don’t overlap.
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