TO-TAP-3 (Thiazole Red Monomer, TO-PRO®-3, CAS 157199-63-8)
TO-TAP-3 is a far-red fluorescent carbocyanine dye that binds to nucleic acids, becoming highly fluorescent upon binding to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). It is widely used in molecular and cellular biology for nucleic acid staining and cell viability assays.
Key Features:
- Fluorescence Properties:
- Excitation Maximum: ~642 nm
- Emission Maximum: ~661 nm
- Nonfluorescent in the absence of nucleic acids; significant fluorescence enhancement upon binding to dsDNA.
- Selective Binding: Binds specifically to dsDNA
- Far-Red Fluorescence:
- Ideal for multicolor experiments with minimal spectral overlap.
- Cell Impermeant:
- Selectively stains dead cells, making it suitable for live/dead assays.
- Storage: Supplied in DMSO; store at -20°C, protected from light.
Applications:
- Nucleic Acid Staining:
- Visualizes dsDNA in fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
- Cell Viability Assays:
- Differentiates dead cells from live cells in viability studies.
- Chromosome and Nuclear Counterstaining:
- Provides clear nuclear staining in multicolor fluorescence labeling experiments.
- Microarray Studies:
- Stains nucleic acids on microarrays for high-sensitivity detection.
- Quantitative DNA Analysis:
- Enables precise DNA quantification in biological samples.
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