Stearic acid-PEG-Mal (SA-PEG-Mal) is an amphiphilic polyethylene glycol surfactant with an 18-carbon aliphatic chain and maleimide, due to its stearic acid as a hydrophobic tail and As a hydrophilic chain, PEG can be used to form micelles, drug delivery systems, and greatly improve the solubility of drugs, which greatly improves drug formulation and bioavailability.